Everything about Clarence King totally explained
Clarence King (
January 6,
1842 –
December 24,
1901) was an
American geologist and
mountaineer. He was the first director of the
United States Geological Survey, from
1879-
1881. Clarence King was noted for his exploration of the
Sierra Nevada. He was born in
Newport, Rhode Island.
Career
In 1862, King graduated from the
Sheffield Scientific School of
Yale College with a Ph.B. in chemistry. While at Yale, he studied with
James Dwight Dana. After graduation King traveled on horseback to
California with his good friend and classmate,
James Terry Gardiner. In California he joined the
California Geological Survey without pay where he worked with
William H. Brewer,
Josiah D. Whitney and
Richard D. Cotter. In October
1872, he uncovered a
diamond and gemstone hoax perpetrated by
Philip Arnold. In 1864, King and Richard Cotter reported the first ascent of
Mount Tyndall, at the time labeling it mistakenly as the highest peak in the Sierra Nevada.
In 1867, King was named U.S. Geologist of the
Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel, commonly know as the Fortieth Parallel Survey, a position for which he strongly lobbied. King spent six years in the field exploring areas form Wyoming to the border of California. During that time he also published his famous "Mountaineering in the Sierra Nevada" (1872). After the completion of the field work, in 1878 King published "Systematic Geology."
While conducting field work for the Survey, King met and befriended
Henry Brooks Adams. Their friendship lasted for the rest of King's life, and he's often mentioned by Adams in the autobiographical
The Education of Henry Adams (1907).
In 1879, the US Congress consolidated the number of geological surveys exploring the American West and created the
United States Geological Survey. King was chosen its first director, however he served for only twenty months.
His
common law marriage in
1888 to a black woman, Ada Copeland, was kept secret by his keeping a double identity. King didn't even reveal his true name to his wife until he was on his deathbed. He was survived by four children.
King died of
tuberculosis in
Phoenix, Arizona, and is buried in
Newport, Rhode Island.
Kings Peak in
Utah and Mount Clarence King in
Kings Canyon National Park are named in his honor.
Further Information
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